AUTOMATIC BUS FARE COLLECTION SYSTEM USING GPS and RFID TECHNOLOGY 1Karthika J, 2Varshanapriyaa S, 2Sai Haran S, 2Suriyaprakash

International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics Volume 118 No. 20 2018, 1119-1124 ISSN: 1311-8080 (printed version); ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version) url: http://www.ijpam.eu Special Issue ijpam.eu AUTOMATIC BUS FARE COLLECTION SYSTEM USING GPS AND RFID TECHNOLOGY 1Karthika J, 2Varshanapriyaa S, 2Sai Haran S, 2SuriyaPrakash C 1Assistant Professor, Department of EEE, Sri Krishna College of Engineering & Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu 2UG Student, Department of EEE, Sri Krishna College of Engineering & Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu Abstract: Nowadays the public transportation system tuned through a particle swarm optimization algorithm like the metro are well advanced. Passenger safety, [2]. convenience and the need to improve the performance Another alternative approach to GPS is the use of of existing public transportation is driving demand for PTN operator with positioning sensors to give on-trip intelligent transportation system in the market. The personalized navigation information [4]. Here unknown paper based ticket system for collecting the bus fare has destination location for infrequent users can be found been found to be a source of major financial loss in using positioning sensors. This proves to be a India. It is difficult to assure the purchase of ticket by motivational driving factor for the public to prefer it each and every passenger. A paper ticket becomes over other modes of transportation. Mobile ticketing useless to the passengers when the destination is model comprises of a registered mobile subscription reached.Even the count of many unsold tickets per day either prepaid or post- paid [5]. By scanning mobile is very high. In the era of technology, India must focus phone number at the entrance or exit of the vehicle the on inculcating an automated system for collecting bus traveller identity is known then according to the fare. Hence, this paper proposes an automated card distance travelled by the passenger the amount is driven system using RFID and GPS for bus journeys in reduced from the balance in the mobile. The affecting India. Different scenarios concerning the factor of this system is the use of smart phone. People implementation of this system are discussed in this with normal phone cannot use this technology. paper. 2. Existing System Key Terms: RFID, GPS, Public transport, Bus Fare. In general way, every bus is controlled by a conductor. 1. Introduction The conductor will collect money from each passenger and issue ticket. Initially, printed papers or tokens are Today, everything in the world is smart and digitalized. used as tickets. Nowadays, handheld machines are used Many advances have been made in the transportation to print tickets. This system has many disadvantages. sector too. However, public transport buses in India The passenger have to carry the ticket till the reaching have always been an area where such new advances their stopping, the conductor should ensure that have turned their faces out. Work Intelligent vehicle for everyone has got the ticket, the time taken for ticketing public transport is one of the research areas. Here is comparatively more and more amount of paper is global positioning system plays an important role to needed to print the Ticket. For example, if a passenger find positions. In certain urban areas there may be some wish to travel in bus. He has to carry money with them. errors to find the location so an alternative approach is Then conductor will collect the money and he will give visual odometry [1]. ticket. This has to repeat for all passengers. This will Where vision based algorithms are proven to track take more time and waste of human resource as well as the position of the vehicle over a long distance using energy. The data relate to an AFC system integrated sequence of images without prior knowledge about the with an automatic vehicle location system that records environment. But the results have some disadvantages a transaction for each passenger boarding a bus, in alternate weather conditions so GPS holds best when containing attributes regarding the route, the vehicle, compared to others. Control strategies based on expert and the travel card used, along with the time and the rules and fuzzy logic are used to control the departure location where the journey began. Some of these are time, interval between two vehicles and delay occurred recorded for the purpose of allowing on board ticket due to traffic. The parameters of fuzzy controllers were inspection but additionally enable innovative spatial validation features introduced by the methodology. 1119 International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics Special Issue 3. Proposed Methodology convenience and greater life standards as compared to the conventional bus systems. The study brings out The proposed methodology introduces a Contactless improved solution in terms of cost, convenience, user Fare Media Technology (CFMT) and an Automated satisfaction and future implementation. Fare Collection System (AFCS) to bring up the public transportation bus system in India to the world standard along with novel features. The prevailing ticketing system had many malfunction, malicious argument among public and corruption. It also aims to reduce fare-related fraud and revenue loss through open standard, secured transaction technology. In this paper “GPS based automatic bus fare collecting system using electronic Ticket” explained that a system that uses the same RFID-based location information give the navigation indications depending on his current location; provided that the user has indicated beforehand the places he intends to visit. Collected data can be used to predict bus moment timing in order to provide better service. By using smart card instead of RFID with GPS, we can find the location of the passenger enter and exit. Using the location we can find the distance travelled and amount. The amount can be withdrawn from the smart card. A microcontroller can be used to program this system by interfacing GPS and smart card. By implementing this system the usage of loose cash can be reduced and efficient ticketing can be implemented. The objective of this paper is to count the passenger using IR sensor and calculating the distance travelled by passenger automatically using motor and u-slot sensor, and the corresponding amount is debited from RFID card. When passenger crosses the signals received will be interrupted and fare collection is done automatically. Here RFID tag is rechargeable one, where as it can be recharged in bus depot or nearest retail shop. A. The Internet of Things in Automatic Fare Collection An Automatic Fare Collection System (AFC) is one of basic station equipment that consists of automatic gate machine, a ticket vending machine and the ticket checking machine. In this application, a stable and integrated platforms are necessarily to keep passenger flow run smoothly at an a peak hours; at the same time, all data will be gathered and transmitted into server. B. RFID Based Automatic Bus Ticketing Figure 1. Flow Diagram In Recent advancements in various technologies have made remarkable developments in various fields for GPS is the latest technology used in various fields such public welfare and public transport is one such area [6] as navigation, tracking and also in some of surveillance - [9]. In near a future public transport bus system with applications. Here we are going to use this GPS to advanced technologies like Radio Frequency calculate the distance travelled by the passenger. GPS Identification Device (RFID), and RF modules will module can configured to generate the latitude and gain spotlight due to their advantage of higher longitude of the current position of the bus. 1120 International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics Special Issue The position of the bus can be monitored There are a number of reasons why Wi-Fi might continuously using this GPS module.The flowchart be the real pick. shown in fig.1.clearly represents the calculation and 1. Wi-Fi technology is economical. detection of fare system. Smart cards can provide 2. Users compatibleness is considered and given more identification, authentication, data storage and preference application processing.These smart cards can be used as passenger identifications. Every passenger carries a smart card. The smart card has the information such as user identification number, available balance and status register. These smart cards should be capable of recharging, so that the passenger can use it again and again. Combining GPS technology and smart cards we can design a complete bus ticketing system. Ticketing system without human resource-Conductor is implemented using RFID tag which is rechargeable one. 4. Hardware& Software Tools A. Microcontroller: Arduino is an open source, computer hardware and Software Company and a user community that designs and manufactures microcontroller kits for building digital devices and interactive objects that can sense and control objects in the physical world. It consists of a physical Figure 2. Block Diagram programmable circuit board and an integrated development environment which is run on the computer Fig.2 shows the block diagram of the proposed and is used to write and upload computer code to the system. RFID has been an emerging technology in physical board. In this project, Arduino is used for recent years. RFID consists of two components,RFID interacting with the GPS and the GSM module. Tag and RFID Reader. RFID Tag contains information B. RFID reader: A RFID reader is a device which is such as name, address and mobile number. RFID reader used to interrogate an RFID tag. It reads the unique reads the above information’s from the RFID Tag. IR number from the RFID cards and sends it to the sensor is used to count the number of persons entering microcontroller. into the bus. Internet of Things define the concept of C. RFID card: This is one of the most important part network devices to sense and collect data from the of the project.

Ventura/Lompoc Smart Card Demonstration Evaluation: Final Report Volume 1 Technical Performance, User Response, and Institutional Analysis Genevieve Giuliano, James E

CALIFORNIA PATH PROGRAM INSTITUTE OF TRANSPORTATION STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY Ventura/Lompoc Smart Card Demonstration Evaluation: Final Report Volume 1 Technical Performance, User Response, and Institutional Analysis Genevieve Giuliano, James E. Moore II, Jacqueline Golob California PATH Research Report UCB-ITS-PRR-99-30 This work was performed as part of the California PATH Program of the University of California, in cooperation with the State of California Business, Transportation, and Housing Agency, Department of Transportation; and the United States Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration. The contents of this report reflect the views of the authors who are responsible for the facts and the accuracy of the data presented herein. The contents do not necessarily reflect the official views or policies of the State of California. This report does not constitute a standard, specification, or regulation. Report for RTA 65V313-7 August 1999 ISSN 1055-1425 CALIFORNIA PARTNERS FOR ADVANCED TRANSIT AND HIGHWAYS Ventura/Lompoc Smart Card Demonstration Evaluation: Final Report Volume 1 Technical Performance, User Response, and Institutional Analysis Genevieve Giuliano, James E. Moore II, Jacqueline Golob Research Report MOU RTA 65V313-7 July 1999 DISCLAIMER This work was performed as part of the California PATH Program of the University of California, in cooperation with the State of California Business, Transportation, and Housing Agency, Department of Transportation; and the United States Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration. The contents of this report reflect the views of the authors who are responsible for the facts and the accuracy of the data presented herein. The contents do not necessarily reflect the official views or policies of the State of California.

INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS: HELPING PUBLIC TRANSIT SUPPORT WELFARE TO WORK INITIATIVES Jill A. Hough* Crystal Bahe Mary Lou Murphy Jennifer Swenson Upper Great Plains Transportation Institute North Dakota State University P.O. Box 5074 Fargo, ND 58105 701.231.7767 www.ugpti.org May 2002 *Hough is an Associate Research Fellow, Bahe is a Student Research Assistant, Murphy and Swenson are former UGPTI Student Research Assistants that assisted with this study. Acknowledgments The report has been prepared with funds provided by the Federal Transit Administration (FTA) through the Intelligent Transportation System Joint Program Office (ITS JPO) and by the Mountain Plains Consortium (MPC). The MPC receives funding from the U.S. Department of Transportation. Other MPC member universities include North Dakota State University, Colorado State University, University of Wyoming, and Utah State University. The authors would like to thank Bridgewater State College and the Community Transportation Association of America for providing mailing lists. Thanks are extended to the many transit operators that completed the questionnaires. Thank you to Laurel Benson for assistance with the data entry. Thanks also are extended to Kiel Ova and Matthew Martimo for technical assistance in the follow-up Web-based survey. Thank you to Paul Colton of the Metropolitan Council in St. Paul, Minn., for hosting the site visit to Metro. Finally, thank you to Ayman Smadi for his helpful suggestions. Disclaimer The contents of this report reflect the views of the author, who is responsible for the facts and accuracy of the information presented herein. This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the Department of Transportation, University Transportation Centers Program, and the Federal Transit Administration, in the interest of information exchange.

Bloomington Public Transportation Corporation Request for Proposals Mobile Ticketing Solution Issued: 6/10/20 Bloomington Public Transportation Corporation 130 West Grimes Lane Bloomington, Indiana 47403 1 BLOOMINGTON PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION CORPORATION REQUEST FOR PROPOSALS (RFP) FOR MOBILE TICKETING PLATFORM 1. GENERAL Date of issue: 6/10/20 Proposal due date: July 9, 2020 4:00pm EST Contracting agency: Bloomington Public Transportation Corporation (BPTC) 130 W. Grimes Lane Bloomington, Indiana 47403 Funding: This project is financed through grants from the Federal Transit Administration, and any contract entered into is subject to the provisions of applicable laws governing that grant. The successful proposer and all subcontractors shall be required to comply with all applicable federal, state, and local laws and regulations. Federally required contract clauses are included in Appendix A. 2. NOTICE TO PROPOSERS Proposals will be received by Bloomington Public Transportation Corporation (BPTC) for the provision of an app-based mobile ticketing platform to complement its current fare collection system. Such proposals shall be received by BPTC, 130 W. Grimes Lane, Bloomington, Indiana, 47403, until 4:00pm (EST) on July 9, 2020, at which time and place all proposals will be publicly opened. Any requests for exceptions or deviations to this RFP must be received by BPTC by June 19, 2020. Such requests for exceptions or deviations shall be subject to approval by BPTC. Otherwise, it shall be construed that items offered are in strict compliance with the specifications detailed in this RFP, and the successful offeror shall be held responsible for meeting all aspects of the RFP. BPTC reserves the following rights: to waive clarifications and exceptions in awarding a contract in the best interest of BPTC, to accept or reject any or all proposals, to waive any or all irregularities, and to award the contract to the responsive and responsible offeror whose proposal is determined by BPTC to be in its best interest.

DETAILED PROJECT REPORT EXTENSION OF MUMBAI METRO LINE-4 FROM KASARVADAVALI TO GAIMUKH MUMBAI METROPOLITAN REGION DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY (MMRDA) Prepared By DELHI METRO RAIL CORPORATION LTD. October, 2017 DETAILED PROJECT REPORT EXTENSION OF MUMBAI METRO LINE-4 FROM KASARVADAVALI TO GAIMUKH MUMBAI METROPOLITAN REGION DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY (MMRDA) Prepared By DELHI METRO RAIL CORPORATION LTD. October, 2017 Contents Pages Abbreviations i-iii Salient Features 1-3 Executive Summary 4-40 Chapter 1 Introduction 41-49 Chapter 2 Traffic Demand Forecast 50-61 Chapter 3 System Design 62-100 Chapter 4 Civil Engineering 101-137 Chapter 5 Station Planning 138-153 Chapter 6 Train Operation Plan 154-168 Chapter 7 Maintenance Depot 169-187 Chapter 8 Power Supply Arrangements 188-203 Chapter 9 Environment and Social Impact 204-264 Assessment Chapter 10 Multi Model Traffic Integration 265-267 Chapter 11 Friendly Features for Differently Abled 268-287 Chapter 12 Security Measures for a Metro System 288-291 Chapter 13 Disaster Management Measures 292-297 Chapter 14 Cost Estimates 298-304 Chapter 15 Financing Options, Fare Structure and 305-316 Financial Viability Chapter 16 Economical Appraisal 317-326 Chapter 17 Implementation 327-336 Chapter 18 Conclusions and Recommendations 337-338 Appendix 339-340 DPR for Extension of Mumbai Metro Line-4 from Kasarvadavali to Gaimukh October 2017 Salient Features 1 Gauge 2 Route Length 3 Number of Stations 4 Traffic Projection 5 Train Operation 6 Speed 7 Traction Power Supply 8 Rolling Stock 9 Maintenance Facilities

TTC FARE COLLECTION STUDY October 2000 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION. 3 2. OVERVIEW OF FARE COLLECTION SYSTEMS . 3 3. CURRENT TTC FARE COLLECTION SYSTEM . 6 3.1 THE PASSENGERS’ PERSPECTIVE . 6 3.2 FARE REVENUE ACCOUNTING AND PROCESSING. 9 3.3 FARE EVASION . 10 3.4 FARE ARRANGEMENTS BETWEEN THE TTC AND OTHER GTA TRANSIT OPERATORS. 12 3.5 RECAP OF THE TTC’S CURRENT FARE COLLECTION SYSTEM. 14 4. AUTOMATIC FARE COLLECTION (AFC) TECHNOLOGY. 15 4.1 ADVANCED MAGNETICS . 15 4.2 SMART CARDS . 17 4.3 ADVANCED FARE-VENDING MACHINES AND DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS . 20

TORONTO TRANSIT COMMISSION BUSINESS CASE ANALYSIS for a SMARTCARD FARE COLLECTION SYSTEM FINAL REPORT May 2007 Business Case Analysis for a Smartcard Fare Collection System – May 2007 TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY . i 1.0 INTRODUCTION . 1 2.0 PROJECT BACKGROUND. 3 3.0 OVERVIEW OF A SMARTCARD FARE COLLECTION SYSTEM . 6 3.1 FARE COLLECTION – EVOLUTION AND SMARTCARD REVIEW . 6 3.2 RELATED SERVICES AND CONVENIENCES . 10 3.3 ADVANTAGES OF SMARTCARD FARE COLLECTION . 11 3.4 CONVENTIONAL MODEL OF SMARTCARD FARE COLLECTION . 12 4.0 EXPERIENCE OF OTHER CITIES AND TRANSIT SYSTEMS. 14 4.1 OCTOPUS CARDS LIMITED, HONG KONG . 14 4.2 LONDON TRANSPORT.

TRANSIT COOPERATIVE RESEARCH TCRP PROGRAM REPORT 84 Sponsored by the Federal Transit Administration e-Transit: Electronic Business Strategies for Public Transportation Volume 6 Strategies to Expand and Improve Deployment of ITS in Rural Transit Systems TCRP OVERSIGHT AND PROJECT TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 2005 (Membership as of February 2005) SELECTION COMMITTEE (as of February 2005) OFFICERS CHAIR Chair: Joseph H. Boardman, Commissioner, New York State DOT SHARON GREENE Vice Chair: Michael D. Meyer, Professor, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Sharon Greene & Associates Georgia Institute of Technology Executive Director: Robert E. Skinner, Jr., Transportation Research Board MEMBERS LINDA J. BOHLINGER MEMBERS HNTB Corp. ROBERT I. BROWNSTEIN MICHAEL W. BEHRENS, Executive Director, Texas DOT Parsons Brinckerhoff Quade & Douglas, Inc. LARRY L. BROWN, SR., Executive Director, Mississippi DOT PETER CANNITO DEBORAH H. BUTLER, Vice Pres., Customer Service, Norfolk Southern Corporation and Subsidiaries, Metropolitan Transit Authority—Metro North Atlanta, GA Railroad ANNE P. CANBY, President, Surface Transportation Policy Project, Washington, DC GREGORY COOK JOHN L. CRAIG, Director, Nebraska Department of Roads Ann Arbor Transportation Authority JENNIFER L. DORN DOUGLAS G. DUNCAN, President and CEO, FedEx Freight, Memphis, TN FTA NICHOLAS J. GARBER, Professor of Civil Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville NATHANIEL P. FORD ANGELA GITTENS, Consultant, Miami, FL Metropolitan Atlanta RTA GENEVIEVE GIULIANO, Director, Metrans Transportation Center, and Professor, School of Policy, RONALD L. FREELAND Planning, and Development, USC, Los Angeles Parsons Transportation Group BERNARD S. GROSECLOSE, JR., President and CEO, South Carolina State Ports Authority FRED M. GILLIAM SUSAN HANSON, Landry University Professor of Geography, Graduate School of Geography, Clark University Capital Metropolitan Transportation Authority JAMES R.

Request for Information: Mass Transit Fare Collection Technology Bloomington Public Transportation Corporation

Request for Information: Mass Transit Fare Collection Technology Bloomington Public Transportation Corporation RFI Issue Date: May 4, 2021 Response Due Date: June 8, 2021 I. Synopsis Bloomington Public Transportation Corporation (BPTC) is seeking information from transit vendors, organizations, and agencies on the current state of mass transit fare collection technology. Information obtained through this request for information (RFI) may be used by BPTC staff in preparation for the development of a subsequent request for proposals (RFP) to outfit the BPTC fixed route fleet with new fare collection equipment. BPTC staff seek to gain a more thorough understanding of the current state of fare collection technology in order to best meet the needs of our agency and riders. II. Instructions Written electronic responses to this RFI are due by 4:00pm EST on June 8, 2021 BPTC prefers responses to be no more than 25 pages in length, not including links to additional webpages or information Questions related to this RFI must be emailed by 4:00pm EST on May 19, 2021 using the attached form (Appendix A) using the following contact information: Subject: RFI Question: Fare Collection Zac Huneck, Planning & Special Projects Manager [email protected] Responses are to be submitted in .pdf or similar format, and emailed using the following contact information: Subject: RFI Response: Fare Collection Zac Huneck, Planning & Special Projects Manager [email protected] BPTC staff will review all responses submitted by the above deadline, and may reach out to respondents with further questions Respondents to this RFI expressly waive all claims to BPTC for any costs involved in the preparation and submission of responses Responses submitted to this RFI are voluntary and for informational purposes only, and in no way does this RFI or submitted responses obligate BPTC to take any further action Respondents acknowledge that responses submitted through this RFI are public record III.

Caltrans-Division of Rail and Mass Transportation FY19-20 LOW CARBON TRANSIT OPERATIONS PROGRAM ALLOCATION AWARD LIST Disadvantaged Low 1/2 Mile Low- Community Income Income Buffer Total Project Project Benefit Benefit Benefit Request SB 1119 District Project ID Lead Agency: Project Name: Type: Project Description (Short): FY19-20 City of Arcata (Arcata Mad River Transit To allow Free Transit to encourage ridership on Arcata Mad River Transit NO YES NO #N/A 1 19-20-D01-001 System) AMRTS Free Fares Operations System $13,339 This project will provide reduced fares and free ticket vouchers to raise Humboldt Transit Reduced Fares and Free awareness of public transportation. This will give riders an opportunity to NO YES NO #N/A 1 19-20-D01-002 Authority Ticket Vouchers Operations try transit at no cost. $303,307 This project provides for the purchase and installation of a solar canopy to cover the bus parking lot. The canopy will provide enough electricity to power four electric buses and the operations facility. The canopy will also shade the lot, reducing the time buses are idling prior to inspection and NO YES NO #N/A 1 19-20-D01-003 Lake Transit Authority Solar Canopy Project Capital start-up. $102,736 The project will provide unlimited free use of Lake Transit Authority bus routes anywhere in Lake, Napa, or Mendocino counties for the following: Free Fares for Community (1) any Mendocino College or Woodland College student displaying a College Students and the valid student identification and (2) any child between the age of 7 and 17 NO YES NO #N/A 1 19-20-D01-004 Lake Transit Authority Summer Cruisin' Program Operations between June 15 and August 31 (known as the Summer Cruisin' Program) $23,351 RCTA will use LCTOP funding in a three-year bus electrification project, planning an installing an electric recharge facility and augmenting an FTA bus grant to purchase an electric powered vehicle.

OCTA’s ACCESS Service – The Way to Go. SUMMARY The Orange County Transit Authority (OCTA) is responsible for the public transportation services in Orange County. It provides fixed-route public transportation, rail service, manages the State Route 91 Express Lanes, and coordinates some freeway, street and road improvement projects. In conjunction with its fixed-route bus service, OCTA is required to provide complementary paratransit service to fulfill the public transportation requirements of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990. Complying with the regulations of the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) fulfills those ADA requirements. ACCESS is OCTA’s shared-ride paratransit service for people who are unable to use the regular fixed-route bus service because of functional limitations due to developmental or physical disability. OCTA’s ACCESS service provides a critical and much-needed paratransit service for its qualified passengers. This study provides details on the service, its processes, contracting practices, and performance. REASON FOR STUDY The purpose of this study is to examine the efficiency and effectiveness of the ACCESS service to determine if this program is meeting the transportation needs of ACCESS eligible residents and eligible visitors to Orange County. Additionally, this study seeks to identify ways to provide sustainable ACCESS service that are consistent with the current budget and funding forecasts. METHOD OF INVESTIGATION The Grand Jury conducted in-depth discussions about the ACCESS service with members of OCTA’s Transit Division and Community Transportation Services (CTS) management,1 accompanied ACCESS bus passengers to assess the adequacy of bus service and its ease of use, and visited the OCTA’s new indoor transit simulator facility in Anaheim to observe the ACCESS eligibility evaluation process.2 In addition, Grand Jury reviewed a number of OCTA’s documents related to transit and the ACCESS service, including: Fiscal Years3 (FYs) 2011-12 and 2012-13 funding for ACCESS service4 Veolia Transportation Services, Inc.

7UDQVLW&DSDFLW\DQG4XDOLW\RI6HUYLFH0DQXDO PART 3 RAIL TRANSIT CAPACITY CONTENTS 1. RAIL CAPACITY BASICS . 3-1 Introduction. 3-1 Grouping . 3-1 The Basics. 3-2 Design versus Achievable Capacity . 3-3 Service Headway. 3-4 Line Capacity . 3-5 Train Control Throughput. 3-5 Commuter Rail Throughput . 3-6 Station Dwells . 3-6 Train/Car Capacity. 3-7 Introduction. 3-7 Car Capacity.

Mobility Management Study Prepared for: Prepared By: South Central Regional Council of Governments VN Engineers, Inc. 127 Washington Avenue 4th Floor West 116 Washington Avenue North Haven, CT 06473 NthNorth Haven, CT 06473 (203) 234‐7555 Phone (203) 234‐7862 August, 2013 VN Engineers, Inc. MOBILITY MANAGEMENT STUDY AUGUST, 2013 Prepared For: South Central Regional Council of Governments 127 Washington Avenue North Haven, CT 06473 (203) 234-7555 Prepared By: VN Engineers, Inc. 116 Washington Avenue North Haven, CT 06473 (203) 234-7862 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The elderly and people with disabilities are entitled to participate fully in society by working, accessing medical care, attending to personal business, obtaining education, and interacting socially. There is a need to improve access to transportation for seniors as they age, as well as for people with disabilities throughout their lives. Mobility Management is a systems approach to managing transportation resources. It emphasizes the movement of people instead of vehicles, focusing on the needs of individuals and considering an entire trip, not just the portion on one mode or another. Mobility Management strategies often involve information sharing which can be facilitated with the use of various technologies. To provide more client-centered transportation services and to make the most efficient use of funds, many agencies are beginning to implement Mobility Management strategies. SAFETEA-LU required the development of a Locally Coordinated Public Transit-Human Services Transportation Plan (LOCHSTP) to improve transportation options for the elderly, people with disabilities, and individuals with low income. During the LOCHSTP gap identification process, the most significant gap that was identified consistently throughout all regions of Connecticut was a lack of information and awareness of transportation options.